Since May 2010, the Egyptian-Swiss Research on Innovations in Sustainable Sanitation (ESRISS), led by the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag) in partnership with the Egyptian Holding Company for Water and Wastewater (HCWW) and financed by the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (Seco), has been working on the topic of small-scale sanitation in the Nile Delta, and more specifically on how it could be replicated on a wide scale. The project was originally designed as a parallel research component of the World-Bank funded Integrated Sanitation and Sewerage Infrastructure Project (ISSIP) and aimed to support the ISSIP’s so-called "decentralised component". The ESRISS project produced policy recommendations, a strong data baseline, a planning tool to estimate wastewater quantity and characteristics on a site-specific basis and endorsed an advisory role for the stakeholders of the sector. [...]