About ten years ago, Senegal initiated a dynamic process to increase urban sanitation coverage, with on-site sanitation as its main focus. Provisions have also been made to treat the increasing volumes of faecal sludge (FS) in decentralised treatment plants. In 2005, the national sanitation agency (ONAS) engaged in a collaboration with Sandec to build FS management expertise and provide pilot facilities for testing and investigating appropriate FS treatment options in Senegal.