Changes in environmental factors (air temperature, soil conditions, etc.) with elevation can greatly impact plant growth, leading to morphological and physiological differences in plants. Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) is an important physiological indicator for plant growth. In this paper, the biomass-weighted tissue NSC concentration of Fargesia nitida along an elevational gradient (2480 m, 2700 m, 2940 m and 3170 m a.s.l.) in the Wolong Nature Reserve was studied. Results indicated that the biomass-weighted NSC concentrations of F. nitida showed a wavy trend of "low - high - low - high" with increasing elevation in April, and a humped curve in October. The biomass-weighted NSC concentrations in plants at each elevation increased from the beginning (April) to the end (October) of a growing season, with higher increase magnitude at the middle elevations. The increased NSC accumulated mostly in roots, followed by stem and shoots. The non-linear responses of NSC to elevation reflect the survival strategies of F. nitida at different elevations associated with different environmental conditions.