Survival, annual height increment, and type and degree of damage and diseases of some 100,000 European larch (Larix decidua Mill.), cembran pine (Pinus cembra L.) and mugo pine (P. uncinata [Miller] Domin) seedlings were recorded annually after planting in 1975. By 1991, larch survived much better than the two pine species, 73 percent for larch, 38 percent for mugo pine, and 25 percent for cembran pine. Losses of larch resulted from long duration of snow cover in spring and competition with herbaceous vegetation. Larch was less suspectible of parasitic fungi. Height increment of larch was much better on mineral soil than on thick raw humus layers. Dry twig tips on young larch could be ascribed to Ascocalyx abietina attack and sometimes to frost.