A brief review is presented of the progress, to date, in constructing a long, continuous ring-width chronology from living and subfossil Siberian larch (Larix gmelinii) in the eastern part of the Taimyr peninsula. A near 2500-year chronology running up to the present has been assembled and several shorter, earlier series have been produced that are dated approximately on the basis of radiocarbon dates. A description is given of the production of separate early summer and annual mean temperature histories based on the recent chronology, spanning more than 2000 years. These two reconstructions are based on alternative methods of statistical processing of the measured tree-ring data. The early summer and annual reconstructions agree well in the long-term components of their variability, providing evidence for anomalous warmth in the third, tenth to twelfth, and twentieth centuries, and a prolonged cool period throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth, and in the early nineteenth centuries. The mean growth and other statistical parameters of the earlier chronologies also suggest that conditions for tree growth were very favourable in the earlier Holocene, particularly in the fourth millennium BC. This is strongly indicative of an early Holocene Climatic Optimum in Taimyr at that time. Other material in hand, and earlier published radiocarbon dates, demonstrate the feasibility of constructing continuous ring-width chronologies and temperature estimates extending throughout all of the last 8000 years.