The present study is focused on the wetlands of the islands of Milos and Sifiios (Cyclades, Greece). These wetlands are increasingly being affected by human activities which cause decline of the small populations of hydrophilous amphibians and reptiles. Thus, Mauremys rivulata has probably become extinct on Sifiios. We found only two recent populations on Milos which both are seriously threatened. The Green Frogs (Rana sp.) of Sifiios and Milos must also be considered to be under serious threat today.